Biotechnology Colleges of Madhya Pradesh

Following are the Biotechnology colleges and institutes in Madhya Pradesh 

List displays all Biotechnology colleges in Madhya Pradesh with the degree offered by them. Eligibility criteria and course duration is also mentioned.

Degree / Course	College / Institute	State	Eligibility	Course Duration
MSc. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology	Dr. Hari Singh Gaur Vishwavidyalaya, Gour Nagar, Sagar - 470003	Madhya Pradesh	BSc.	2 years
MSc. Biotechnology	Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, 169, Ravindra Nath Tagore Marg, Indore	Madhya Pradesh	BSc.	2 years
MSc. Biotechnology	Awadesh Pratap Singh University, Rewa	Madhya Pradesh	BSc. In Agriculture/Biology/Chemistry/Botany	2 years
MSc. Biotechnology	Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla University, Raipur - 492010	Madhya Pradesh	BSc.	2 years
MSc. Biotechnology	Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Krishak Nagar, Raipur - 492012	Madhya Pradesh	BSc.	2 years
MSc. Biotechnology	Guru Ghasidas University, PO Koni, Bilaspur - 495009	Madhya Pradesh	BSc.	2 years
MSc. Biochemisty	Jiwaji University, Gwalior	Madhya Pradesh	BSc. in Biology	2 years
MSc. Biotechnology	Jiwaji University, Gwalior	Madhya Pradesh	BSc. in Biology	2 years
MSc. Botany	Jiwaji University, Gwalior	Madhya Pradesh	BSc. in Biology	2 years
MSc. Microbiology	Jiwaji University, Gwalior	Madhya Pradesh	BSc. in Biology	2 years
MSc. Zoology	Jiwaji University, Gwalior	Madhya Pradesh	BSc. in Biology	2 years
MSc. Fish/Genetics	Barkatullah Vishwavidyalaya, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal	Madhya Pradesh	BSc.	2 years
MSc. Microbiology	Rani Durgawati Vishwavidyalaya, Jabalpur	Madhya Pradesh	BSc. in any branch of Biology	2 years

Please note that the list of Biotechnology colleges in Madhya Pradesh above is correct from our best knowledge. If you see any error in Biotechnology degree or the address of the Biotechnology college or institute, please do let us know. This list is provided only for personal use.

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Biotechnology Colleges of Maharashtra Following are the Biotechnology colleges and institutes in Maharashtra List displays all Biotechnology colleges in Maharashtra with the degree offered by them. Eligibility criteria and course duration is also mentioned. Degree / Course College / Institute State Eligibility Course Duration MSc. (Non-Med) Anatomy/Biochemistry/Microbiology/Pharmacology/Physiology Bharati Vidyapeeth, Bharati Vidyapeeth Bhavan, Lal Bahadur Shastri Marg, Pune - 411030 Maharashtra BSc. 2 years MSc. Bioinformatics University of Pune, Ganeshkhind, Pune Maharashtra BSc./BTech. 2 years MSc. Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Powai, Mumbai Maharashtra BSc. 2 years MSc. Biotechnology Marathwada University, Aurangabad Maharashtra BSc. 2 years MSc. Biotechnology University of Pune, Ganeshkhind, Pune Maharashtra BSc. 2 years MSc. Biotechnology University of Mumbai, MG Road, Fort, Mumba Maharashtra BSc. 2 years MSc. Biotechnology SRT Marathwada University, Nanded - 431606 Maharashtra BSc. 2 years MSc. Biotechnology Amravati University, Tapowan Road, Camp, Amravati - 444602 Maharashtra BSc. 2 years MSc. Biotechnology North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon - 485002 Maharashtra BSc. 2 years Research Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Powai, Mumbai 400032 Maharashtra MSc./MTech. 2 years Please note that the list of Biotechnology colleges in Maharashtra above is correct from our best knowledge. If you see any error in Biotechnology degree or the address of the Biotechnology college or institute, please do let us know. This list is provided only for personal use.

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Biotechnology Colleges of Delhi

Following are the Biotechnology colleges and institutes in Delhi 

List displays all Biotechnology colleges in Delhi with the degree offered by them. Eligibility criteria and course duration is also mentioned.

Degree / Course	College / Institute	State	Eligibility	Course Duration
BSc. Biochemistry	University of Delhi, Delhi - 11007	Delhi	Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Biology	3 years
BSc. Biochemistry	Shivaji College, University of Delhi, Delhi	Delhi	Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Biology	3 years
BSc. Biochemistry	Deshbandu College, University of Delhi, Delhi	Delhi	Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Biology	3 years
BSc. Biochemistry	Venkateshwara College, University of Delhi, Delhi	Delhi	Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Biology	3 years
BSc. Biochemistry	Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi	Delhi	Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Biology	3 years
BSc. Biochemistry	Amity Institute of Biotechnology, RBEF, E-27, Defence colony, New Delhi - 110024	Delhi	Class XII (50%) or equivalent with Biology as a subject	3 years
BSc. Biochemistry	Gargi College, University of Delhi	Delhi	Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Biology	3 years
BSc. Biochemistry	Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi	Delhi	Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Biology	3 years
BSc. Biochemistry	Ram Lal Anand College, University of Delhi	Delhi	Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Biology	3 years
BSc. Biochemistry	Swami shradhanand College, University of Delhi	Delhi	Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Biology	3 years
BTech. Biotechnology	All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi	Delhi	Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Biology	4 years
MSc. Bioinformatics	Amity Institute of Biotechnology, RBEF, E-27, Defence Colony, New Delhi - 110024	Delhi	BSc.	1 year 6 months
MSc. Biochemistry	University of Delhi, Delhi 110007	Delhi	BSc.	2 years
MSc. Microbiology	University of Delhi, Delhi 110007	Delhi	BSc.	2 years
MSc. Genetics	University of Delhi, Delhi 110007	Delhi	BSc.	2 years
MSc. Biophysics	University of Delhi, Delhi 110007	Delhi	BSc.	2 years
MSc. Plant Molecular Biology	University of Delhi, Delhi 110007	Delhi	BSc.	2 years
MSc. Biotechnology	Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi	Delhi	BSc. in Physics/Biology/Agriculture/Pharmacy/Veterianary Science/BE	2 years
MSc. Agricultural Biotechnology	Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi	Delhi	BSc. in Physics/Biology/Agriculture/Pharmacy/Veterianary Science/BE	2 years
MVSc. Animal Biotechnology	Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi	Delhi	BSc. in Physics/Biology/Agriculture/Pharmacy/Veterianary Science/BE	2 years
MTech. BioTechnology	Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi	Delhi	BSc. in Physics/Biology/Agriculture/Pharmacy/Veterianary Science/BE	2 years
MSc. Biotech Industrial Training	Jamia Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi	Delhi	BSc./BTech., MSc./Mtech. in Biotechnology	1 year 6 months
MSc. Biotech Industrial Training	Biotech Consortium India Ltd. G-6, NDSE Part-I,New Delhi	Delhi	BSc./BTech., MSc./Mtech. in Biotechnology	1 year 6 months
Mtech. Biotechnology	All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi	Delhi	BSc./BTech.	2 years.
Mtech. (Integrated) Biotechnology	Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), New Delhi	Delhi	Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics	5 years
Mtech. (Integrated) Biotechnology	Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi	Delhi	Class XII with Science	5 years 6 months
PG Diploma in Bioinformatics	Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi	Delhi	BSc./BTech.	1 year
Ph.D. Biotechnology	Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi	Delhi	Bachelor's in Beterinary and Fisheries Sciences	2 years
Post-Doctoral Research	Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, New Delhi	Delhi	MSc./MTech./Ph.D.	varied
Research (Ph.D.)	All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi	Delhi	MSc./MTech.	varied

Please note that the list of Biotechnology colleges in Delhi above is correct from our best knowledge. If you see any error in Biotechnology degree or the address of the Biotechnology college or institute, please do let us know. This list is provided only for personal use.

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Biotechnology Colleges of Andhra Pradesh

Following are the Biotechnology colleges and institutes in Andhra Pradesh 

List displays all Biotechnology colleges in Andhra Pradesh with the degree offered by them. Eligibility criteria and course duration is also mentioned.

Degree / Course	College / Institute	State	Eligibility	Course Duration
BSc. Biochemistry	Osmania University, Administrative Building, Hyderabad	Andhra Pradesh	Class XII	3 years
BSc. Biochemistry	Kakatiya University, Vidyavanyapuri, Warangal- 506009	Andhra Pradesh	Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Biology	3 years
BTech. Biotechnology	Osmania University, Administrative Building, Hyderabad	Andhra Pradesh	Class XII with Physics, Chemistry and Biology	4 years
MSc. Biotechnology	Central University, Hyderabad	Andhra Pradesh	BSc.	2 years
Mtech. Biotechnology	Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Masab Tank, Mahaveer Marg, Hyderabad	Andhra Pradesh	BTech.	2 years.

Please note that the list of Biotechnology colleges in Andhra Pradesh above is correct from our best knowledge. If you see any error in Biotechnology degree or the address of the Biotechnology college or institute, please do let us know. This list is provided only for personal use.

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Biotechnology information

Last Updated: February 2011

Market Size and the Key Opportunity Segments The Indian biotechnology sector is one of the fastest growing knowledge-based sectors in India and is expected to play a key role in shaping India's rapidly developing economy. With numerous comparative advantages in terms of research and development (R&D) facilities, knowledge, skills, and cost effectiveness, the biotechnology industry in India has immense potential to emerge as a global key player. The biotechnology industry in India is likely to see a significant increase in the merger and acquisition (M&A) activity, according to research firm Grant Thornton. The Indian biotech industry has crossed the US$ 3 billion mark in 2010, witnessing a 23 per cent growth over the previous year. Of this, while the share of domestic firms stood at 47 per cent, exports accounted for 53 per cent of the overall revenues. India’s high-skill and low-cost advantage is said to have helped in gaining export contracts and clinical research bioservices. The Indian biotech industry grew threefold in just five years to report revenues of US$ 3 billion in 2009-10, a rise of 17 per cent over the previous year, according to the eighth annual survey conducted by the Association of Biotechnology-Led Enterprises (ABLE) and a monthly journal, BioSpectrum, based on inputs from over 150 biotech companies. The biopharma sector contributed nearly three-fifth to the industry's revenues at US$ 1.9 billion, a rise of 12 per cent, followed by bioservices at US$ 573 million and bioagri at US$ 420.4 million. The remaining revenue came from the bioindustrials US$ 122.5 million and bioinformatics US$ 50.2 million segments. Biopharma and bioservices sectors contributed 63 per cent and 33 per cent, respectively, to the total biotech exports. The bioagriculture, bioindustrials and bioinformatics sectors remained focussed on domestic operations, bringing in nearly 90 per cent of their revenues from India. While the industry, spanning bio-pharma and agri-biotech, accounted for US$ 3 billion, the equipment and ancillary segment contributed around US$ 1 billion. Moreover, as per Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw who is also the chairman and managing director of Biocon, which has topped the list of biotech companies in India in the ABLE survey, India is looking forward to achieve US$ 5 billion in revenue this fiscal (2010-11). India is also gaining importance as a clinical trial destination. According to a joint study by an industry body and Ernst and Young (E&Y) released in August 2009, the industry-sponsored Phase II, Phase III clinical trial sites in India have grown by 116 per cent during June 2008 and August 2009, with the country moving from rank 18 to 12 across the 60 most active countries. India participates in 7 per cent of the global Phase III trials and 3.2 per cent in the Phase II trials with industry-sponsored trials having grown by 39 per cent CAGR during 2004-08. According to a report by the Confederation of Indian Industries (CII) and YES Bank, the Indian biotechnology industry is estimated to witness a 20 per cent annual growth rate, to reach US$ 8 billion in 2015 from US$ 1 billion in 2005. The report forecasts that India will account for 3–5 per cent of the global biopharmaceutical market.

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Bioremediation and biodegradation

Main article: Microbial biodegradation

Biotechnology is being used to engineer and adapt organisms especially microorganisms in an effort to find sustainable ways to clean up contaminated environments. The elimination of a wide range of pollutants and wastes from the environment is an absolute requirement to promote a sustainable development of our society with low environmental impact. Biological processes play a major role in the removal of contaminants and biotechnology is taking advantage of the astonishing catabolic versatility of microorganisms to degrade/convert such compounds. New methodological breakthroughs insequencing, genomics, proteomics, bioinformatics and imaging are producing vast amounts of information. In the field of Environmental Microbiology, genome-based global studies open a new era providing unprecedented in silico views of metabolic and regulatory networks, as well as clues to the evolution of degradation pathways and to the molecular adaptation strategies to changing environmental conditions. Functional genomic and metagenomic approaches are increasing our understanding of the relative importance of different pathways and regulatory networks to carbon flux in particular environments and for particular compounds and they will certainly accelerate the development of bioremediation technologies and biotransformation processes.^[34]

Marine environments are especially vulnerable since oil spills of coastal regions and the open sea are poorly containable and mitigation is difficult. In addition to pollution through human activities, millions of tons of petroleum enter the marine environment every year from natural seepages. Despite its toxicity, a considerable fraction of petroleum oil entering marine systems is eliminated by the hydrocarbon-degrading activities of microbial communities, in particular by a remarkable recently discovered group of specialists, the so-called hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (HCCB)

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Animal Biotechnology

In animals, biotechnology techniques are being used to improve genetics and for pharmaceutical or industrial applications. Molecular biology techniques can help drive breeding programs by directing selection of superior animals. Animal cloning, through somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), allows for genetic replication of selected animals. Genetic engineering, using recombinant DNA, alters the genetic makeup of the animal for selected purposes, including producing therapeutic proteins in cows and goats. ^[30] There is a genetically altered salmon with an increased growth rate being considered for FDA approval.^[31]

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Human Genome Project

DNA Replication image from the Human Genome Project (HGP)

The Human Genome Project is an initiative of the U.S. Department of Energy (“DOE”) that aims to generate a high-quality reference sequence for the entire human genome and identify all the human genes.

The DOE and its predecessor agencies were assigned by the U.S. Congress to develop new energy resources and technologies and to pursue a deeper understanding of potential health and environmental risks posed by their production and use. In 1986, the DOE announced its Human Genome Initiative. Shortly thereafter, the DOE and National Institutes of Health developed a plan for a joint Human Genome Project (“HGP”), which officially began in 1990.

The HGP was originally planned to last 15 years. However, rapid technological advances and worldwide participation accelerated the completion date to 2003 (making it a 13 year project). Already it has enabled gene hunters to pinpoint genes associated with more than 30 disorders.^[14]

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Genetic testing

Gel electrophoresis

Genetic testing involves the direct examination of the DNA molecule itself. A scientist scans a patient’s DNA sample for mutated sequences.

There are two major types of gene tests. In the first type, a researcher may design short pieces of DNA (“probes”) whose sequences are complementary to the mutated sequences. These probes will seek their complement among the base pairs of an individual’s genome. If the mutated sequence is present in the patient’s genome, the probe will bind to it and flag the mutation. In the second type, a researcher may conduct the gene test by comparing the sequence of DNA bases in a patient’s gene to disease in healthy individuals or their progeny.

Genetic testing is now used for:

• Carrier screening, or the identification of unaffected individuals who carry one copy of a gene for a disease that requires two copies for the disease to manifest;
• Confirmational diagnosis of symptomatic individuals;
• Determining sex;
• Forensic/identity testing;
• Newborn screening;
• Prenatal diagnostic screening;
• Presymptomatic testing for estimating the risk of developing adult-onset cancers;
• Presymptomatic testing for predicting adult-onset disorders.

Some genetic tests are already available, although most of them are used in developed countries. The tests currently available can detect mutations associated with rare genetic disorders like cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and Huntington’s disease. Recently, tests have been developed to detect mutation for a handful of more complex conditions such as breast, ovarian, and colon cancers. However, gene tests may not detect every mutation associated with a particular condition because many are as yet undiscovered, and the ones they do detect may present different risks to different people and populations.^[12]

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Controversial questions

The bacterium Escherichia coli is routinely genetically engineered.

The absence of privacy and anti-discrimination legal protections in most countries can lead to discrimination in employment or insurance or other use of personal genetic information. This raises questions such as whether genetic privacy is different from medical privacy.^[13]

1. Reproductive issues. These include the use of genetic information in reproductive decision-making and the possibility of genetically altering reproductive cells that may be passed on to future generations. For example, germline therapy changes the genetic make-up of an individual’s descendants. Thus, any error in technology or judgment may have far-reaching consequences (though the same can also happen through natural reproduction). Ethical issues like designed babies and human cloning have also given rise to controversies between and among scientists and bioethicists, especially in the light of past abuses with eugenics (see reductio ad hitlerum).
2. Clinical issues. These center on the capabilities and limitations of doctors and other health-service providers, people identified with genetic conditions, and the general public in dealing with genetic information.
3. Effects on social institutions. Genetic tests reveal information about individuals and their families. Thus, test results can affect the dynamics within social institutions, particularly the family.
4. Conceptual and philosophical implications regarding human responsibility, free will vis-à-vis genetic determinism, and the concepts of health and disease.

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